Reference:
S.S. Farahani,
R. van der Veen,
V. Oldenbroek,
F. Alavi,
E.H. Park Lee,
N. van de Wouw,
A. van Wijk,
B. De Schutter, and
Z. Lukszo,
"A hydrogen-based integrated energy and transport system: The design
and analysis of the car as power plant concept," IEEE Systems,
Man, and Cybernetics Magazine, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 37-50, Jan.
2019.
Abstract:
In recent years, the European Union has set ambitious targets towards
a carbon-free energy transition. Many studies show that a drastic
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions - at least 90% by 2050 - is
required. In the transition towards a sustainable energy system, solar
(or green) hydrogen plays many important roles, as it is a clean and
safe energy carrier that can be also used as a fuel in transportation
and in electricity production. To understand and steer the transition
from the current energy system towards an integrated hydrogen-based
energy and transport system, we propose a framework that integrates a
technical and economic feasibility study, controllability study and
institutional analysis. This framework is applied to the Car as Power
Plant (CaPP) concept, which is an integrated energy and transport
system. Such a system consists of a power system based on wind and
solar power, conversion of renewable energy surpluses to hydrogen
using electrolysis, hydrogen storage and distribution, and hydrogen
fuel cell vehicles that provide mobility, electricity, heat, and
water. Controlling these vehicles in their different roles and
designing an appropriate organizational system structure are necessary
steps in the feasibility study. Our proposed framework for a future
100% renewable energy system is presented through a case study.